Dynamic Compaction
Dynamic
Compaction
Dynamic
compaction is a method that is used to increase the density of the soil when
certain subsurface constraints make other methods inappropriate. It is a method
that is used to increase the density of soil deposits. The process involves of
dropping a heavy weight repeatedly on the ground at regularly spaced intervals.
The weight and the height determine the amount of compaction that would occur.
The weight that is used, depends on the degree of compaction desired and is
between 8 tonne to 36 tonne. The height varies from 1m to 30m.
The
impact of the free fall creates stress waves that help in the densification of
the soil. These stress waves can penetrate up to 10m. In cohesionless soils,
these waves create liquefaction that is followed by the compaction of the soil,
and in cohesive soils, they create an increased amount of pore water pressure
that is followed by the compaction of the soil. Pore water pressure is the
pressure of water that is trapped within the particles of rocks and soils.
The
degree of compaction depends on the weight of the hammer, the height from which
the hammer is dropped, and the spacing of the locations at which the hammer is
dropped. The initial weight dropping has the most impact, and penetrates up to
a greater depth. The following drops, if spaced closer to one another, compact
the shallower layers and the process is completed by compacting the soil at the
surface.
Most
soil types can be improved with dynamic compaction. Old fills and granular
soils are most often treated. The soils that are below the water table have to
be treated carefully to permit emission of the excess pore water pressure that
is created when the weight is dropped onto the surface.
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